We have carried out a large-scale identification and characterization of human genes that
activate the NF-κB and MARK signaling pathways. We constructed full-length cDNA libraries …

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) deacetylate the lysine residues of both histones and non-
histone proteins. Histone acetylation results in a loose local chromatin structure that …

The classical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; also known as extracellular-signal-
regulated kinase), ERK cascade has been shown to have a crucial role in cell proliferation …

Abstract Purpose: PD-1/PD-L1 signaling promotes tumor growth while inhibiting effector cell–
mediated antitumor immune responses. Here, we assessed the impact of single and dual …

Acetobacter species have been used for brewing traditional vinegar and are known to have
genetic instability. To clarify the mutability, Acetobacter pasteurianus NBRC 3283, which …

Chromogranin A (CgA) is a major protein in adrenal chromaffin cells and adrenargic
neurons. CgA and catecholamines are co-released into extra-cellular environment. We …

Inorganic carbon fixation is essential to sustain life on Earth, and the reductive tricarboxylic
acid (rTCA) cycle is one of the most ancient carbon fixation metabolisms. A combination of …

Background Multiple myeloma (MM) expands almost exclusively in the bone marrow and
generates devastating bone lesions, in which bone formation is impaired and osteoclastic …

Wnt5b is a member of the same family of proteins as Wnt5a, the overexpression of which is
associated with cancer aggressiveness. Wnt5b is also suggested to be involved in cancer …

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and osteoclasts (OCs) confer multiple myeloma (MM)
cell survival through elaborating factors. We demonstrate herein that IL-6 and TNF family …