Table 3

Meta-analysis based on stage of treatment

ToolsGroupsStudies (n)Effect size and 95% CITest of null (two-tailed)
Point estimateSEVarianceLower limitUpper limitZ valueP value
Other toolsTreated2164.194.2117.6955.9572.4415.260.00
Under treatment2262.772.144.6058.5766.9829.280.00
FACT-BTreated1184.3512.76162.7359.35109.356.610.00
Under treatment684.4622.39501.3340.58128.353.770.00