Immediate intervention group (n=34) | Delayed intervention group (n=24) | |
Patients | ||
Age, mean (SD) | 76 (8) | 74 (7) |
Female, n (%) | 17 (50) | 14 (58) |
Married or living as married, n (%) | 27 (79) | 20 (83) |
University degree, n (%) | 16 (47) | 9 (38) |
Self-rated health fair or poor, n (%) | 6 (18) | 6 (25) |
Health literacy, n (%) Need help sometimes, often, always | 2 (6) | 2 (8) |
Frailty score, n (%) Vulnerable or higher (category 4) | 6 (18) | 7 (29) |
Substitute decision-makers | ||
Age (mean, SD) | 66 (12) | 66 (10) |
Female, n (%) | 23 (72) | 14 (58) |
Relationship to patient, n (%) | ||
Spouse | 24 (71) | 15 (63) |
Child | 9 (27) | 7 (29) |
Other relative or friend | 1 (3) | 2 (8) |
University degree, n (%) | 18 (54) | 13 (54) |
Have been a medical decision-maker before, n (%) | 8 (24) | 9 (38) |
Have been formally asked by patient to be medical decision-maker, n (%) | 21 (62) | 15 (63) |