Table 3

Meta-regression based on questionnaires and quality assessment tools (NOS)

SubgroupsType of questionnairesNumber of studiesPrevalence of anxietyLowerUpperI2
QuestionnairesGAD-760.35640.28220.397298.00%
BAI90.31930.25310.379894.90%
HADS140.25130.22990.333498.90%
SAS40.27720.23140.395198.70%
HAM-A60.36950.30560.438296.50%
DASS-2170.42640.27250.533870.60%
Quality assessment tool (NOS)High270.3080.2570.36699.44%
Medium190.2160.1890.29395.87%
  • BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory; DASS-21, 21-Item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale; GAD-7, General Anxiety Disorder-7; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HAM-A, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa Scale; SAS, Sedation Agitation Scale.