Table 1

Triple congruency measure of patients’ wishes (eg, do you/does the patient want to be resuscitated?)

PatientSurrogatePhysicianCongruency
YesYesYesYes
NoNoNoYes
YesYesMissingYes
NoNoMissingYes
YesMissingYesYes
NoMissingNoYes
MissingYesYesYes
MissingNoNoYes
Leave decisionLeave decisionLeave decisionYes
Leave decisionLeave decisionMissingYes
MissingLeave decisionLeave decisionYes
Leave decisionMissingLeave decisionYes
YesNoYesNo
YesNoNoNo
NoYesYesNo
NoNoYesNo
NoYesNoNo
YesNoMissingNo
NoYesMissingNo
YesMissingNoNo
NoMissingYesNo
MissingYesNoNo
MissingNoYesNo
Not decidedNot decided/don’t knowNot decided/don’t knowNo
Not decidedNot decided/don’t knowMissingNo
Not decidedMissingNot decided/don’t knowNo
MissingNot decided/don’t knowNot decided/don’t knowNo
Yes/no/leave decision/not decided/don’t knowMissingMissingMissing
MissingYes/no/leave decision/not decided/don’t knowMissingMissing
MissingMissingYes/no/leave decision/not decided/don’t knowMissing
  • Yes: patient agrees to (or surrogate or treating physician reports that the patient wants to) be resuscitated or intubated or dialysed, or tube fed or getting antibiotics or intravenous fluids or being sedated. Participants were also asked for their preferred last place of care.

  • No: patient refuses to (or surrogate or treating physician reports that the patient refuses to) be resuscitated or intubated or dialysed or tube fed or getting antibiotics or intravenous fluids or being sedated.

  • Leave decision: patients (or surrogate or treating physician reports that the patient wants to) leave the decision to the surrogate or the physician.

  • Not decided/don’t know: patients do not (or surrogate or treating physician reports that the patient did not) decide or do not know what to decide.

  • Last place of care: patient expressed ‘preferred last place of care’ (home, hospice/nursing home, hospital, intensive care unit), knowledge of surrogate and physician of patient’s preferred last place of care.