Conceptual transitions in palliative care in the twenty-first century
| Change from | Change to |
|---|---|
| Terminal disease | Advanced progressive chronic disease |
| Prognosis of weeks or months | Limited life prognosis |
| Cancer | All chronic progressive conditions |
| Progressive course | Progressive course with frequent crises of needs and demands |
| Disease | Condition (multi-pathology, frailty, geriatric syndromes, dependency) |
| Mortality | Prevalence |
| Dichotomy curative—palliative | Synchronic, shared, combined care |
| Specific or palliative treatment | Specific and palliative treatment as needed |
| Prognosis as criteria for intervention of specialist services | Complexity as criteria |
| Rigid one-directional intervention | Flexible shared intervention |
| Passive role of patients | Advance care planning |
| Palliative care services | Palliative care approach everywhere |
| Specialist services | Actions in all settings of health and social care |
| Institutional approach | Community approach |
| Fragmented care | Integrated care |