PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Albert Dalmau-Bueno
AU  - Anna Saura-Lazaro
AU  - Josep Ma Busquets
AU  - Ingrid Bullich-Marín
AU  - Anna García-Altés
TI  - Advance directives and real-world end-of-life clinical practice: a case–control study
AID  - 10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002851
DP  - 2022 Aug 01
TA  - BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care
PG  - e337--e344
VI  - 12
IP  - e3
4099  - http://spcare.bmj.com/content/12/e3/e337.short
4100  - http://spcare.bmj.com/content/12/e3/e337.full
SO  - BMJ Support Palliat Care2022 Aug 01; 12
AB  - Background Advance directives (ADs) have been legally regulated to promote autonomy over health decisions among patients who later lose decision-making capacity.Aims and objectives To analyse the differences in clinical practice at end of life among people who had completed an AD versus those who had not.Methods Retrospective case–control study (1:2), matched by age, sex, year, cause of death and region of residence. The data sources used were the ADs registry, central registry of insured persons, hospital discharge, pharmacy and billing databases, and the mortality registry. Conditional logistic regression models (crude and adjusted by socioeconomic level) were performed. The outcome variable was the frequency of medical procedures performed during the last year of life.Results 1723 people with ADs who died in Catalonia during 2014–2015 were matched with 3446 dead controls (without ADs). Thoracentesis was the procedure with the greatest reduction among women with an AD (adjusted OR (ORadj) 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.89) in conjunction with artificial nutrition (ORadj 0.54, 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.95). Intubation was the procedure with the greatest reduction (ORadj 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.94) among men. Slight differences could be seen in the case of cancer deaths. There were no relevant differences when adjusting by socioeconomic level.Conclusions ADs are an effective tool to adjust the realisation of some procedures at end of life. These results can help better plan for the treatment of patients with ADs, as well as increase the awareness among clinical personnel, families and the general population.Data are available upon reasonable request. The data cannot be made publicly available. Requests for data should be sent to the corresponding author.