RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Has there been a change in the end-of-life decision-making over the past 16 years?
JF BMJ Supportive &amp; Palliative Care
JO BMJ Support Palliat Care
FD British Medical Journal Publishing Group
SP bmjspcare-2019-001802
DO 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001802
A1 Reetta P Piili
A1 Juho T Lehto
A1 Riina Metsänoja
A1 Heikki Hinkka
A1 Pirkko-Liisa I Kellokumpu-Lehtinen
YR 2019
UL http://spcare.bmj.com/content/early/2019/08/08/bmjspcare-2019-001802.abstract
AB Objectives Physicians’ decision-making in end-of-life (EOL) care includes many medical, ethical and juridical aspects. We studied the changes of these decisions over time and factors influencing them.Methods A postal survey including two hypothetical patient scenarios was sent to 1258 Finnish physicians in 2015 and to 1182 in 1999. The attitudes, values and background factors of the physicians were also enquired.Results The response rate was 56%. The physicians’ decisions to choose palliative approaches over active or intensive care increased from 1999 to 2015 when a terminally ill prostate cancer patient had probable iatrogenic gastrointestinal bleeding (53% vs 59%, p=0.014) and waited to meet his son (46% vs 60%, p&lt;0.001) or a minister (53% vs 71%, p&lt;0.001). Training in EOL care independently increased palliative approaches. Patient’s benefit (96% vs 99%, p=0.001), ethical values (83% vs 93%, p&lt;0.001) and patient’s (68% vs 86%, p&lt;0.001) or physician’s (44% vs 63%, p&lt;0.001) legal protection were considered more influential to the decisions in 2015, while the family’s benefit was regarded as less influential to the decisions than it was in 1999 (37% vs 25%, p&lt;0.001). Physicians were more willing to give a hospice voucher for an advanced breast cancer patient in 2015 (34% vs 58%, p&lt;0.001).Conclusions Our findings may reflect the transition to a stronger emphasis on patient-centred care and a stronger tendency to avoid futile therapies that have only short-term goals. The results highlight that education in all aspects of EOL care should be incorporated into the post-graduate training of medical specialties that take care of dying patients.