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Systematic review
Global and regional geographical prevalence of depression in gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  1. Mostafa Kouhestani1,
  2. Hasan Ahmadi Gharaei2,
  3. Mohammad Fararouei3,
  4. Hasan Hosienpour Ghahremanloo4,
  5. Reza Ghaiasvand5 and
  6. Mostafa Dianatinasab6
  1. 1 Department of Health Management and Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2 Department of Health, Faculty of Public Health; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
  3. 3 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  4. 4 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5 Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
  6. 6 Department of Epidemiology, Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Sharoud, Iran
  1. Correspondence to Dr Mostafa Dianatinasab, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; dianati.epid{at}gmail.com

Abstract

Background Substantial uncertainty exists about the prevalence of depression in patients with gastric cancer. We aimed to summarise the global and regional pooled prevalence of depression among patients with gastric cancer.

Method Up to February 2020, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of science (ISI) and PsychINFO to identify published studies on the prevalence of depression among patients with gastric cancer. The study selection procedure was in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We estimated the prevalence of depression in gastric cancer patients using a random-effect pooled estimate analysis approach with subgroup analysis based on WHO regions, and methods of depression measurement.

Results Totally, we retrieved 3781 studies from the previously mentioned databases, of which 18 (12 cross-sectional and 6 cohort studies in design) met the eligibility criteria, which were published from 2001 to 2017 in different regions. The total sample size of the included studied contained 4709 patients with gastric cancer, of which 1885 cases were diagnosed with depression. The pooled prevalence of depression among gastric cancer patients was 37%(95% CI: 26% to 48%). Subgroup analysis showed that the highest prevalence of depression was in Eastern Mediterranean (pooled prevalence=42%; 95% CI: 18% to 65%) followed by the Western Pacific region (pooled prevalence=40%;95% CI: 26% to 54%). The results indicated a significant heterogeneity (I 2=98.8%,P<0.05).

Conclusion Our findings indicated that depression is high among gastric cancer patients. The findings suggest health authorities to provide specially designed social and psychological supportive care services, including screening for depression, among such patients.

PROSPERO registration number CRD42020139836.

  • gastrointestinal (upper)
  • depression
  • quality of life

http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002050

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    Footnotes

    • Correction notice This article has been updated since it was first published. The article type has been changed to Systematic review.

    • Contributors HAG and MD contributed to the design and implementation of the study, analysis and interpretation of data and were involved in drafting the manuscript. MD and MK contributed to the design and implementation of the study, interpretation of data and were involved in drafting and revising the manuscript. HHG contributed to the conception and design of data and drafting the manuscript. RG and MF contributed to the design and implementation of the study and were involved in drafting and revising the manuscript.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. This study was funded by Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Shahroud, Iran (Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Grant no: 9822).

    • Disclaimer This study was funded by Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Shahroud, Iran (Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Grant no: 9822).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.